Afghanistan
| Islamic Republic of Afghanistan جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان (Persian: Jamhūrī-ye Islāmī-ye Afġānistān) د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت (Pashto: De Afġānistān Islāmī Jomhoriyat) |
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| Anthem: دا وطن افغانستان دی (Persian) Milli Tharana National Anthem |
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| Capital | Kabul | |||||
| Official language(s) | Dari (Persian) and Pashto | |||||
| Demonym | Afghan, Afghani, Afghanistani | |||||
| Government | Islamic presidential republic | |||||
| - | Vice President | Ahmad Zia Massoud | ||||
| - | Vice President | Karim Khalili | ||||
| - | Chief Justice | Abdul Salam Azimi | ||||
| Establishment | Independence from Great Britain | |||||
| - | Water (%) | 0 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2007 estimate | 31,889,923 | ||||
| - | 1979 census | 13,051,358 | ||||
| - | Density | 46/km2 (150) 119.1/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2007 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | 20,099,000,000 (96) | ||||
| - | Per capita | 733 (172) | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2007 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | 9,596,000,000 | ||||
| - | Per capita | 350 | ||||
| Currency | Afghani (AFN) |
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| Time zone | AFT (UTC+4.5) | |||||
| Internet TLD | .af | |||||
| Calling code | 93 | |||||
Afghanistan (Persian and Pashto: افغانستان, Afġānistān) or the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان, Jamhūrī-ye Islāmī-ye Afġānistān; Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, De Afġānistān Islāmī Jomhoriyat) is a landlocked country in Central and South Asia. It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the easternmost part of the country.
History
The Taliban and Al Qaeda
Osama bin Laden was the founder and the head of a secret network of irregular combatants, or "terrorists," known by its Arabic name of Al-Qaeda (literally, "The Base"). He was trained specifically during his involvement with the combatants Mujahideen of Afghanistan that managed to repel a Soviet military lacking guerrilla training for 10 years (1979-1989). [1] Through tribal lines Tajiks (from Tajikistan), Uzbeks (from Uzbekistan) and Pashtuns (from Eastern Iran) formed a government called the Northern Alliance being focused in Mazar-i Sharif (north-west) while the Taliban, a mostly Pashtun Sunni islamic political movement based on Shari'a Law was based in Kabul with its capture in 1996.[2] Later recruiting and more financing by Bin Laden developed Al-Qaeda, in which found safe haven in Afghanistan, enabling it to perpetrate a number of acts of sabotage and mass-murder in the last decade of the twentieth century.
References
- ↑ The September 11th Sourcebooks ; THE SOVIET EXPERIENCE IN AFGHANISTAN: RUSSIAN DOCUMENTS AND MEMOIRS Edited by Svetlana Savranskaya October 9, 2001
- ↑ Northern Alliance By FAS.org
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