Oberon
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| Oberon | |
|---|---|
| |
| Oberon, taken by Voyager 2 | |
| Date of discovery | January 11, 178711 January 1787 21 Teveth 5547 H 22 Teveth 5945 AM[1] |
| Name of discoverer | William Herschel[1][2] |
| Name origin | King of the fairies in the play A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare[2][3] |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Celestial class | Moon |
| Primary | Uranus |
| Order from primary | 18 |
| Periuranion | 583,053 km0.0039 AU 362,292.338 mi[4] |
| Apouranion | 583,987 km0.0039 AU 362,872.698 mi[4] |
| Semi-major axis | 583,520 km0.0039 AU 362,582.518 mi[5] |
| Orbital eccentricity | 0.0008[5] |
| Sidereal month | 13.463239 da0.0369 a[5] |
| Avg. orbital speed | 3.15 km/s11,340 km/h 1.957 mi/s 7,046.349 mph[2] |
| Inclination | 0.10°0.00175 rad 0.111 grad to Uranus's equator[5] |
| Rotational characteristics | |
| Sidereal day | 13.463239 da323.118 h[5] |
| Rotation speed | 0.00411 km/s14.796 km/h 0.00255 mi/s 9.194 mph[4] |
| Axial tilt | 0°0 rad 0 grad[5] |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mass | 3.01 * 1021 kg0.041 M☾ 5.03682e-4 M⊕[5] |
| Mean density | 1630 kg/m³1.63 g/ml 101.758 lb/ft³[5] |
| Mean radius | 761.4 km473.112 mi[5] |
| Surface gravity | 0.3469 m/s²1.138 ft/s² 0.0354 g[4] |
| Escape speed | 0.7268 km/s2,616.48 km/h 0.452 mi/s 1,625.805 mph[4] |
| Surface area | 7,285,102 km²2,812,793.607 mi² 0.192 A☾ 0.0143 A⊕[4] |
| Mean temperature | 61 K-212.15 °C -349.87 °F 109.8 °R |
| Composition | Water ice and rock[3] |
| Color | #CC9966 |
| Albedo | 0.25[5] |
Oberon or Uranus IV is the eighteenth moon of Uranus, and the outermost of the major moons of Uranus. It is also the second largest moon of Uranus.[3][6]
Contents |
Discovery and naming
William Herschel discovered Oberon and its inner companion, Titania, on January 11, 1787.[1]
Sir John Herschel, his son, gave to Oberon the name of the king of the fairies in William Shakespeare's comedy, A Midsummer Night's Dream.[1][7]
Orbital characteristics
Oberon is in a slightly eccentric orbit around Uranus, at an average distance of 583,520 km. Its sidereal month is about 13.46 Earth days.[5][6]
Rotational characteristics
Oberon is in tidal lock with Uranus.[5][6]
Physical characteristics
Oberon is the second largest of the moons of Uranus. It is probably composed of water ice and rock.[3][6]
Surface
The surface of Oberon has many impact craters. Many of these have bright rays that radiate from them, similar to those found on Callisto.[2][3][6]
The surface, including many of the crater floors, is partially covered with a dark material of unknown origin. Some astronomers speculate that this material is an aqueous solution that upwelled from the interior.[2][6]
Problems for uniformitarian theories posed by Oberon
Oberon poses the same problem for uniformitarian astronomy as do all the other moons of Uranus: its orbit is inclined severely to the ecliptic, though not to Uranus' own equator. How the Uranian system came to have such an inclination has never been explained.
Observation and Exploration
Oberon is visible on a dark sky through a telescope having an aperture of 30 cm or more.[3]
The only spacecraft to explore Oberon has been Voyager 2. It approached to within 470,600 km of Oberon on January 24, 1986, and took a small number of images.[8][9] No other detailed images are available.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Planetary Body Names and Discoverers." US Geological Survey, Jennifer Blue, ed. March 31, 2008. Accessed April 17, 2008.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Hamilton, Calvin J. "Entry for Oberon." Views of the Solar System, 2001. Accessed June 16, 2008.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Arnett, Bill. "Entry for Oberon." The
Nine8 Planets, December 22, 2004. Accessed June 16, 2008. - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Calculated
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 Williams, David R. "Uranian Satellite Fact Sheet." National Space Science Data Center, NASA, November 23, 2007. Accessed June 16, 2008.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Ingersoll, Andrew P. "Oberon." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16 June 2008.
- ↑ Lassell, William. "Beobachtungen der Uranus-Satelliten." Astronomische Nachrichten 34:325-328, 1852. Accessed June 16, 2008.
- ↑ "Voyager Mission Description: Voyager 2 Uranus Encounter." February 19, 1997. Accessed June 13, 2008.
- ↑ Smith, B.A., Soderblom, L.A., Beebe, R., et al. "Voyager 2 in the Uranian system - Imaging science results." Science 233:43-64, July 4, 1986. Accessed June 13, 2008.
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