Chicken
From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
| Chicken |
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| Scientific Classification |
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| Binomial Name |
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Gallus gallus |
| Domestic baby chick |
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A Chicken is a species of domestic birds that is given the scientific name Gallus gallus. They are best known for their use as poultry. As a farm animal, they have been raised throughout history for collection of daily eggs, feathers, and meat.
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Anatomy
The sinus openings are located around the eye. And the nasal cavity is connected to that. These cavities filter the air, through a small slit in the roof of the mouth, before it can go to the lungs. The vocal box is located at the end or bottom if the mouth. There it is connected to the trachea and the gullet. The lungs are located close to the spine and lay near by the ribs. The lungs of a bird are smaller depending on the size of their bodies. Although, they are helped by a large arrangement of air sacs that are only found in birds. These air sacs circle their internal organs. They are there for retain air space. If needed they are used to increase lung capability. The view of the sacs is of clear thin membranes with the body organs. Normally, the sacs are the first location to be damaged by any respiratory diseases. [1]
Reproduction
The hen produces a yolk, called oocyte, from it's ovary during ovulation. After ovulation, the yolk is sent to the oviduct, and fertilized inside the hen. While in the oviduct, whether it is fertilized or not, it is covered with weird fibers and layers of the egg white.and this is call the magnus. As it goes through the oviduct it is being turned. This happens because the Oviduct is a long spiraling tube in the Chicken. The turning of the yolk, called chalazae, causes the fibers to twist which make strands that stick the yolk in the thick egg white. There are two of these for each yolk, on opposing sides of the egg. The shell of the egg is put around it in the bottom part of the oviduct before it is laid. It is made from a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, also called calcite. The trip it takes for the yolk to being laid takes about one day. If the yolk was fertilized, it becomes the embryo, and it's food is the yolk. The embryo breaths through the egg shell itself, and the inside of the egg is connected to the blood vessels of the unborn baby chick. It take the embryo about 21 days to develop, and when it is fully developed the baby chick pecks it's way out of the little egg. [2]
Ecology
Chickens are mainly omnivores. A chicken in general, can live for five to eleven years. In one year, they lay as many as three hundred eggs. All chickens have hallow bones. They are used an an enlagement of the resperatory system. The chicken's skeletal system is small and light weight. Although it is light weight, it is strong. The vertebrae of poultry is fused for better flight. When holding a bird of chicken, if the brest bone can not move in and out, it can sufficate them! The domestication date of the bird is about 3250 BC, but the EXACT date is unclear. In ancient days, the chicken would be used in a sport, in which scientists believe that it led to the domestication of the chicken. Although they were used in sport, they are not anymore. Now there are commerical poultry. This is what ppl buy and sell, like what you'd eat. Some scientists believe that it may have domesticated from someehere in Southeast Aisa. [3]
Avian Flu
- Main Article: Avian influenza
The chicken may be the worlds most popular poultry, but there are many flaws about this bird. Like diseases, for example, the Avian Flu. It is a disease that has been around for a very long time, but when a human caught it from a chicken, it was finally taken note of. It is a disease that is highly contagious and is most likely to have be carried by chickens and turkeys. It can be carried by a migratory wild bird, and that bird could show no signs what so ever. This disease is something that a human rarely catches.[4] This disease caused two deaths in 2005, of two younger boys. Since the late 1990s the flu has been diagnosed sporaticly. In the 1918, there are a case that killed over 20 million people. Experts believe that another flu pandemic could be coming in the future. Scientists who have studied this disease noticed a change in the flu that can only be found in birds, at first, that is making it compatable for humans as well. Which could be a threat to people globally.[5]
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References
- Poultry Disease Diagnosis Tom W. Smith, Jr., Emeritus Professor of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University , Extension Service of Mississippi State University, cooperating with U.S. Department of Agriculture. Published in furtherance of Acts of Congress, May 8 and June 30, 1914.
- All About Chickens Enchanted Learning.
- Avian flu (bird flu) reviewed by Dr Rob Hicks in, World Health Organisation, November 2007.
- SPECIES INFORMATION-CHICKENS and TURKEYS author not specified, AZ edu, 06/26/2008.
- Avian Flu USDA, May 9, 2008.
See Also
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