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{{Saint |name=John the Baptist |birth_date=5 BC |death_date=30 AD |feast_day=June 24 (Nativity)<br>August 29 (Beheading) |venerated_in=[[Roman Catholicism]]<br>[[Eastern Orthodoxy]]<br>[[Oriental Orthodoxy]]<br>[[Anglicanism]]<br>[[Islam]]<br>[[Mandeanism]] |image=TitianStJohn.jpg |imagesize=200px |caption=''Saint John the Baptist'' by Titian |birth_place=Judea |death_place=Perea |titles=Forerunner, Precursor, Baptist, Martyr |beatified_date= |beatified_place= |beatified_by= |canonized_date= |canonized_place= |canonized_by= |attributes=Cross, lamb, camel-skin robe |patronage=Knights Hospitaller of Jerusalem, Florence, and Genoa, [[Italy]] |major_shrine=Church of St. John the Baptist, [[Jerusalem]] |suppressed_date= |issues= }} '''John the Baptist''' ([[Hebrew]]: '''יוחנן המטביל''', ''Yōkhānān HaMātbil''; [[Greek language|Greek]]: '''Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτιστής''', ''Iōannēs ho Baptistēs''; [[Arabic]]: '''يوحنا المعمدان''', ''Yūḥanna al-Mamadan'') ([[Born::5 BC]]&ndash;[[Died::30 AD]]) was a prophet, miraculously conceived by God through human parents (his mother, [[Elizabeth]], was barren and post-menopausal) to "prepare the way" for the coming [[Messiah]], [[Jesus Christ]]. John's coming was foretold by [[Isaiah (Book of)|Isaiah]] and [[Malachi (Book of)|Malachi]]. ==Life== [[image:Jesus_Baptism_Site.jpg|250px|thumb|The excavated remains of the site where [[John the Baptist]] baptized [[Jesus]] in "Bethany beyond the Jordan".]] His father, [[Saint Zechariah|Zechariah]], was a priest of the line of [[Abijah]] ({{Bible ref|book=1_Chronicles|chap=24|verses=10}}), and his mother, [[Elizabeth]], was of the daughters of [[Aaron]] ({{Bible ref|book=Luke|chap=1|verses=5}}) and a maternal cousin (or relative) of the virgin [[Mary]], thus also making both John and [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] cousins. John was a fiery preacher for the Lord who spoke of the coming of the Messiah. Many came to listen to him and would be baptized by him. In {{Bible ref|book=Matthew|chap=3}} it speaks about how John was preparing the way for Jesus. John was letting people know that he was coming and that he was the messiah. Later John baptizes Jesus and when Jesus rose up out of the water the heavens split and the spirit of God came down upon Jesus like a dove. As an adult, he lived an ascetic lifestyle, preaching a doctrine of repentance and the imminent arrival of the Messiah, and [[Baptism|baptizing]] believers in the [[Jordan river]]. At the start of his adult ministry, Jesus came to John to be baptized. Since both of his parents were of the [[Levi (tribe)|tribe of Levi]], it can be argued that John was the final authorized [[Aaronic priesthood|Aaronic priest]]. The [[Hebrews (book)|Book of Hebrews]] explains that Jesus became an eternal priest of the [[Melchizedek priesthood]] to overcome and end the Aaronic line. ==Beheading of John== John's unflinching condemnation of the adulterous marriage of [[Herod Antipas]] resulted in his imprisonment, and eventual death by beheading. In Matthew 14:3-12 it talks about the beheading of John. "Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison because of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, for John had been saying to him: "It is not lawful for you to have her." Herod wanted to kill John, but he was afraid of the people, because they considered him a prophet. On Herod's birthday the daughter of Herodias danced for them and pleased Herod so much that he promised with an oath to give her whatever she asked. Prompted by her mother, she said, "Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist." The king was distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he ordered that her request be granted and had John beheaded in the prison. His head was brought in on a platter and given to the girl, who carried it to her mother. John's disciples came and took his body and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus." - Matthew 14:3-12 == Cave of John the Baptist == : ''Main Article [[Cave of John the Baptist]]'' Two and a half years ago, Biblical Archaeology Review found what they believe to be the cave of John the Baptist. It all started when Reuven Kalifon, an immigrant from Cleveland who teaches Hebrew at the kibbutz, took some of his students spelunking back when it was still filled with mud and sediment. Kalifon asked Shimon Gibson, who was a friend of his, to take a better look at it. Gibson crawled into the hole and moved a few boulders near the walls to uncover a carving of a head. After seeing this, he organized a full-scale excavation. During the next five years, the team of excavators cleared out layers of soil and the remenants of 250,000 broken jugs that were supposedly used in purification rituals. They also uncovered an oval shaped stone with a carved out indent in the shape of a right foot. Above the indent on the rock is another indent with a channel connecting the two. This is believed to be a foot baptismal where the oil goes into the indent above the foot and someone sticks their foot into the foot shaped indent while the oil runs over it. This could represent the time when Jesus washed the disciples feet before the passover meal (John 13). The cave is located on the communal farm of Kibbutz Tzuba. Kibbutz Tzuba is 2.5 miles away from Ein Kerem; the home village of John the Baptist. The cave was carved into the limestone hill that it resides in by the Israelites during the Iron Age, which was sometime between 800 B.C. and 500 B.C. The cave's dimensions are 72 feet long, 12 feet deep, and 12 feet wide.[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5724143/] You can view pictures taken of the cave [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5724143/ here.] {{Bible portal}}{{Biography portal}} ==References == {{reflist|2}} ==External Links== *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08486b.htm ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' - St. John the Baptist] {{Bible navbox}} [[Category:New Testament person]] [[Category:Prophet]] [[Category:Saint|John the Baptist]]

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