Epinephrine
From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
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Adrenaline can be triggered by stress, this is called a stress response. Adrenaline is released throughout the day in different amounts, with each threat, depending on if it is positive, negative, minorly, or majorly dangerous. There are two types of stress, positive stress, sometimes called eustress, and negative stress. [http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/stresshealth.htm] An adrenaline rush from eustress makes your body produce a number of chemicals including endorphins, serotonin and dopamine, which help to provide a relaxing feel or enjoyment. [http://www.stressfocus.com/stress_focus_article/positive-and-negative-stress.htm]. Eustress can come from things like skydiving, or finishing a race. Adrenline rushes because of negative stress causes fear. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] The stress we face every day, whether it be good or bad, is called acute stress. Because the stress response is activated so often throughout the day, it can result in fatigue if the stress is too much. When the stress response is activated more than usual, much adrenaline would be released. This is why people feel so tired and fatigued after a stressfull day at work, for example. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] After the percieved threat is gone, the adrenaline levels will go back to normal by way of the relaxation response, which is the blood pressure returning to normal, as well as tge heart rate and normal functions. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/relaxationresp.htm] If someone has chronic stress, which is a constant stress, it can result in the lowering of the effectiveness of the stress response, and also potential health problems. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] Some health problems, which could occur from too much stress, are: obesity, heart problems, diabetes, ulcers, and depression, just to name a few. [http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/stresshealth.htm] | Adrenaline can be triggered by stress, this is called a stress response. Adrenaline is released throughout the day in different amounts, with each threat, depending on if it is positive, negative, minorly, or majorly dangerous. There are two types of stress, positive stress, sometimes called eustress, and negative stress. [http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/stresshealth.htm] An adrenaline rush from eustress makes your body produce a number of chemicals including endorphins, serotonin and dopamine, which help to provide a relaxing feel or enjoyment. [http://www.stressfocus.com/stress_focus_article/positive-and-negative-stress.htm]. Eustress can come from things like skydiving, or finishing a race. Adrenline rushes because of negative stress causes fear. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] The stress we face every day, whether it be good or bad, is called acute stress. Because the stress response is activated so often throughout the day, it can result in fatigue if the stress is too much. When the stress response is activated more than usual, much adrenaline would be released. This is why people feel so tired and fatigued after a stressfull day at work, for example. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] After the percieved threat is gone, the adrenaline levels will go back to normal by way of the relaxation response, which is the blood pressure returning to normal, as well as tge heart rate and normal functions. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/relaxationresp.htm] If someone has chronic stress, which is a constant stress, it can result in the lowering of the effectiveness of the stress response, and also potential health problems. [http://stress.about.com/od/stressmanagementglossary/g/Epinephrine.htm] Some health problems, which could occur from too much stress, are: obesity, heart problems, diabetes, ulcers, and depression, just to name a few. [http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/stresshealth.htm] | ||
| - | == Medical Use | + | == Medical Use == |
=== Adrenaline Injections === | === Adrenaline Injections === | ||
Adrenaline injections are used to conter-act low blood pressure and allergy attacks by opening of the lungs and naorrowing blood vessels. It can be administered at a hospital, or even by yourself, with an EpiPen, which is an epinephrine shot. [http://www.drugs.com/mtm/epinephrine-injection.html] Each one comes with one dose. It is injected into the thigh. There can be side effects, such as: dizziness, nervousness, vomiting, hand spasms, and sweating. [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a603002.html] | Adrenaline injections are used to conter-act low blood pressure and allergy attacks by opening of the lungs and naorrowing blood vessels. It can be administered at a hospital, or even by yourself, with an EpiPen, which is an epinephrine shot. [http://www.drugs.com/mtm/epinephrine-injection.html] Each one comes with one dose. It is injected into the thigh. There can be side effects, such as: dizziness, nervousness, vomiting, hand spasms, and sweating. [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a603002.html] | ||
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=== Asthma === | === Asthma === | ||
| - | + | == History == | |
| - | == Founder == | + | === Founder === |
| - | == Medical uses throughout the years == | + | === Medical uses throughout the years === |
{{chemistry portal}} | {{chemistry portal}} | ||
Revision as of 23:49, 18 May 2009
Please do not edit the article until this banner is removed.
| Epinephrine | |
|---|---|
| |
| General | |
| Systematic name | (R)-4-(1-hydroxy-2- (methylamino)ethyl) benzene-1,2-diol |
| Other names | Adrenaline |
| Molecular formula | C9H13NO3 |
| Molar mass | 183.204 g/mol183.204 amu |
| CAS number | 51-43-4 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Disclaimer and references | |
Contents |
Introduction
Epinenphrine, also called adrenaline, is a stress hormone and catecholamine which, when released into the bloodstream from a percieved threat, causes the senses to heighten in order to give the person a chance to fight the threat, or run away.
Chemical Composition
Epinephrine is a catecholamine, which is a sympathomimetic monoamine that is created from amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. [1] It is water soluble.
Physiological Effect
Adrenaline is secreted in the adrenal gland. When the person is in a dangerous situation, the adrenaline is released into the bloodstream along with other hormones like cortisol, giving the person a sudden burst of energy. This is called the fight-or-flight response. This energy is given, so that it can be used to go against, or run away from the situation. Adrenaline does this by having the heart pump harder, increasing blood pressure, the hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose, concentrating all blood flow to important muscles, and opening the airways in the lungs. [2]
Adrenaline can be triggered by stress, this is called a stress response. Adrenaline is released throughout the day in different amounts, with each threat, depending on if it is positive, negative, minorly, or majorly dangerous. There are two types of stress, positive stress, sometimes called eustress, and negative stress. [3] An adrenaline rush from eustress makes your body produce a number of chemicals including endorphins, serotonin and dopamine, which help to provide a relaxing feel or enjoyment. [4]. Eustress can come from things like skydiving, or finishing a race. Adrenline rushes because of negative stress causes fear. [5] The stress we face every day, whether it be good or bad, is called acute stress. Because the stress response is activated so often throughout the day, it can result in fatigue if the stress is too much. When the stress response is activated more than usual, much adrenaline would be released. This is why people feel so tired and fatigued after a stressfull day at work, for example. [6] After the percieved threat is gone, the adrenaline levels will go back to normal by way of the relaxation response, which is the blood pressure returning to normal, as well as tge heart rate and normal functions. [7] If someone has chronic stress, which is a constant stress, it can result in the lowering of the effectiveness of the stress response, and also potential health problems. [8] Some health problems, which could occur from too much stress, are: obesity, heart problems, diabetes, ulcers, and depression, just to name a few. [9]
Medical Use
Adrenaline Injections
Adrenaline injections are used to conter-act low blood pressure and allergy attacks by opening of the lungs and naorrowing blood vessels. It can be administered at a hospital, or even by yourself, with an EpiPen, which is an epinephrine shot. [10] Each one comes with one dose. It is injected into the thigh. There can be side effects, such as: dizziness, nervousness, vomiting, hand spasms, and sweating. [11]
Asthma
History
Founder
Medical uses throughout the years
 Browse |
References
- Epinephrine by InfoPlease
- Positive vs. Negative Stress
- Epinephrine Wikipedia
- Stress and Health By: Elizabeth Scott, M.S.
- The Definition of Epinephrine By: Elizabeth Scott, M.S.
- Definition of Relaxed Response By: Elizabeth Scott, M.S.
- Epinephrine Injection
- Epinephrine Injection National Institute of Health
http://www.discoveriesinmedicine.com/Enz-Ho/Epinephrine.html
External Links
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