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Evidence for the Israelite Sojourn in Egypt: Difference between revisions
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Evidence for the Israelite Sojourn in Egypt (view source)
Revision as of 14:06, 18 December 2014
, 18 December 2014→How is it possible for Joseph to be in the 3rd dynasty and Moses to be in the 12th dynasty?
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The 18th dynasty was preceded by the [[Second Intermediate Period]] which comprised dynasties 15-17. The [[Hyksos]] were foreigners to Egypt who took over and ruled [[Lower Egypt]] after the 14th dynasty (15th and 16th dynasty) for around 400 years. | The 18th dynasty was preceded by the [[Second Intermediate Period]] which comprised dynasties 15-17. The [[Hyksos]] were foreigners to Egypt who took over and ruled [[Lower Egypt]] after the 14th dynasty (15th and 16th dynasty) for around 400 years. | ||
The 17th dynasty was contemporary with the 15th and 16th dynasties. The last pharaohs of the 17th dynasty based in Thebes (Upper Egypt), [[Sequenre Tao]] and his son [[Kahmose]], rebelled against the [[Hyksos]] who were occupying and controlling Lower Egypt | The 17th dynasty was contemporary with the 15th and 16th dynasties. The last pharaohs of the 17th dynasty based in Thebes (Upper Egypt), [[Sequenre Tao]] and his son [[Kahmose]], rebelled against the [[Hyksos]] who were occupying and controlling Lower Egypt. [[Sequenre Tao]] and [[Kahmose]] were killed fighting the [[Hyksos]]. The [[Hyksos]] ([[Amalekites]]) were eventually driven out of Egypt and were all by destroyed when they encountered King [[Saul]] of the newly formed [[Israel]]. [[Ahmose I]], the brother of [[Kahmose]], started the 18th dynasty (Egypt's New Kingdom) at the age of 8 years. He was co-regent with his mother Queen Aahotep initially. | ||
Some archaeologist thought that the [[Hyksos]] leaving Egypt could have been the Exodus that they were searching for. The Hyksos, while they were foreigner to Egypt like the Israelites, they were not slaves. The [[Hyksos]] were rulers of Egypt during the 15th and 16th dynasty (the Second Intermediate Period) and so they could not have been the Israelites leaving Egypt. | Some archaeologist thought that the [[Hyksos]] leaving Egypt could have been the Exodus that they were searching for. The Hyksos, while they were foreigner to Egypt like the Israelites, they were not slaves. The [[Hyksos]] were rulers of Egypt during the 15th and 16th dynasty (the Second Intermediate Period) and so they could not have been the Israelites leaving Egypt. | ||
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Others suggest that the [[Hyksos]] appear to have invaded Egypt not long after the Israelite Exodus which left Egypt crippled. The [[Hyksos]] settled in the recently vacated town of [[Tel ed Daba]] previously occupied by the Israelites. They built a forte there and it was renamed [[Avaris]]. | Others suggest that the [[Hyksos]] appear to have invaded Egypt not long after the Israelite Exodus which left Egypt crippled. The [[Hyksos]] settled in the recently vacated town of [[Tel ed Daba]] previously occupied by the Israelites. They built a forte there and it was renamed [[Avaris]]. | ||
The pyramids of the 12th dynasty were constructed out of mudbricks and then faced with limestone. Archaeologists have generally discounted the possibility that the Israelites had anything to do with the building of the pyramids because of the issues of chariots. | The pyramids of the 12th dynasty were constructed out of mudbricks and then faced with limestone. Archaeologists have generally discounted the possibility that the Israelites had anything to do with the building of the pyramids because of the issues of chariots and dates. | ||
If the Exodus did take place during the 13th dynasty, then it is quite likely that the Israelites were enslaved during the 12th dynasty and were required to make the mud bricks that went into | The issue of chariots and [[Egyptian Chronology|dates]], discussed elsewhere, should no longer be considered a barrier to placing Joseph in the third dynasty ([[Joseph and Imhotep|Imhotep]]) and Moses in the 12th dynasty ([[Amenemhet IV]]). | ||
If the Exodus did take place during the 13th dynasty, then it is quite likely that the Israelites were enslaved during the 12th dynasty and were required to make the mud bricks that went into the 12th dynasty pyramids. | |||
A large slave labor force was required to make this many mud bricks and we know from the Bible that there were around two million Israelites in Egypt by the time of the Exodus. | A large slave labor force was required to make this many mud bricks and we know from the Bible that there were around two million Israelites in Egypt by the time of the Exodus. | ||
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[[Josephus]] even tells us that the Israelites were given the task of making Pyramids, but the word "pyramid" would never have been used by pre-Alexandrian Jews, so the best we can surmise is that they were constructing things for the Egyptians, including towers, large structures and housing. | [[Josephus]] even tells us that the Israelites were given the task of making Pyramids, but the word "pyramid" would never have been used by pre-Alexandrian Jews, so the best we can surmise is that they were constructing things for the Egyptians, including towers, large structures and housing. | ||
[[Flinders Petrie]] found a workers village in 1890 at Kahun. It seem to have been occupied from the time of [[ | [[Flinders Petrie]] found a workers village in 1890 at Kahun. It seem to have been occupied from the time of [[Senusret II]] (2nd pharaoh of the 12 dynasty) until the 13th dynasty. | ||
The Pharaoh who built the last pyramid ([[Amenemhet III]]) had no sons; just a daughter named [[Sobeknefru]]. When he died, his daughter had to take over the throne but she only lived for 8 yrs and when she died the 12th dynasty ended. This of course draws no connection to the Hebrews. | The Pharaoh who built the last pyramid ([[Amenemhet III]]) had no sons; just a daughter named [[Sobeknefru]]. When he died, his daughter had to take over the throne but she only lived for 8 yrs and when she died the 12th dynasty ended. This of course draws no connection to the Hebrews. | ||
